Tempos Verbais ;D PARA 3º COLEGIAL

TEMPOS VERBAIS EM INGLÊS

SIMPLE PRESENT VERBO TO BE

Affirmative form

I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
We are
You are
They are
I’m
You’re
He’s
She’s
It’s
You’re
We’re
They’re

Negative form

I am not
You are not
He is not
She is not
It is not
You are not
We are not
They are not


Formas abreviadas

I’m not ---------
You’re not you aren’t
He’s not he isn’t
She’s not she isn’t
It’s not it isn’t
We’re not we aren’t
You’re not you aren’t
They’re not they aren’t

Interrogative form
Am I?
Are you?
Is he?
Is she?
Is it?
Are we?
Are you?
Are they?

PRESENT CONTINUOUS Verbo to be no presente(am/are/is) + verbo significativo no gerúndio (ing). Obs.: Nesse tempo verbal o verbo “to be” tem sentido de “estar”. FORMAÇÃO DO GERÚNDIO EM INGLÊS To write(escrever) – writing(escrevendo) To sit(sentar-se) – sitting (sentando-se) To work (trabalhar) – working (trabalhando)

Affirmative form

I am working
You are working
He is working]she is working
It is working
We are working
You are working
They are working

Negative form

I am not working
You are not working
He is not working
She is not working
It is not working
We are not workin
You are not working

Interrogative form
Am I working?
Are you working?
Is he working?
Is she working?
Is it working?
Are we working?
Are you working?
Are they working?

SIMPLE PAST VERBO TO BE

Affirmtive form

I was
You were
He was
She was
It was
We were
You were
They were


Negative form

I was not (wasn’t)
You were not (weren’t)
He was not
She was not
It was not
We were not
You were not
They were not

Interrogative form
Was I?
Were you?
Was he?
Was she?
Was it?
Were we?
Were you?
Were they?

PAST CONTINUOUS
Verbo to be no passado(was/were)+verbo significativo no gerúndio(ing).

Affirmative form

I was working
You were working
He was working
She was working
It was working
We were working
You were working
They were working

Negative form
I was not working
You were not working
He was not working
She was not working
It was not working
We were not working
You were not working
They were not working

Interrogative form
Was I working?
Were you working?
Was he working?
Was she working?
Was it working?
Were we working?
Were you working?
Were they working?

SIMPLE FUTURE (WILL – forma abreviada ‘LL) É formado pelo auxiliar WILL + o verbo no infinitivosem o TO. OBS.: Esse futuro é tido como FUTURO REMOTO, INCERTO OU IMPRECISO. EXEMPLO: To work = Will work (trabalhará) To be = will be (sera, estará)

Affirmative form
(I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they)
will work

Negative form
Will not - won’t (forma abreviada) (I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they) will not work / won’t work

Interrogative form
Will (I, you, he,she, it, we, you, they) work?

FUTURO CONTÍNUO FUTURO COM “GOING TO” GOING TO FUTURE

É formado com o verbo TO BE no presente (am, are,is)+GOING TO+verbo no infinitivo sem o TO.
Exemplo:
She is going to work
Ela vai trabalhar

Affirmative form

I am going to work
You are going to work
He is going to work
She is going to work
It is going to work
We are going to work
You are going to work
They are going to work

Negative form

I am not going to work
You are not going to work
He is not going to work
She is not going to work
It is not going to work
We are not going to work
You are not going to work
They are not going to work

Interrogative form

Am I going to work?
Are you going to work?
Is he going to work?
Is she going to work?
Is it going to work?
Are we going to work?
Are you going to work?
Are they going to work?

PAST OF GOING TO – FUTURE

Verbo to be no passado (was/were)+going to + verbo no infinitive sem o TO.
Exemplo:
She was going to work.
Ela ia trabalhar.

Affirmative form

(I, he,she,it) was going to work.
(you, we, they) were going to work.

Negative form

(I, he,she,it) was not going to work.
(you, we, they) were going to work.

Interrogative form
Was (I, he,she,it) going to work?
Were (you, we,they) going to work?

SIMPLE PRESENT Esse tempo verbal é usado para descrever ações habituais e afirmações em geral. Ele é formado a partir do verbo no infinitivo sem o TO para as pessoas I, you, we, they. Para as pessoas He, she it é preciso seguir s seguintes regras: REGRA GERAL Acrescenta-se “S” ao verbo no infinitivo sem o TO. MAS, Caso os verbos terminarem em: X, O, S, SS, CH, SH, Z; Acrescenta-se “ES” Se o verbo terminar em Y precedido de consoante, retira-se o Y e acrescenta-se “IES”.

EXEMPLOS: I work – He works You do – she does We fix – it fixes They watch – she watches I wash – he washes You kiss – it kisses We cry – she cries
Affirmative form
I work You work He works She works It works We work You work They work
Negative form Utilize-se o auxiliary DO +NOT (DON’T) para as pessoas I, you, we, they e DOES + NOT (DOESN’T) para as pessoas he,she it e o verbo volta à forma do infinitive sem o TO. I don’t work You don’t work He doesn’t work She doesn’t work It doesn’t work We don’t work You don’t work They don’t work
Interrogative form Usa-se o auxiliar DO para as pessoas I, you, we, they e DOES para as pessoas He, she, it antes dos pronomes ou antes do sujeito da frase e o verbo significativo permanece na forma do infinitivo, sem TO para todas as pessoas. DO (I,you,we,they) work? DOES (he, she,it) work?

ADVÉRBIOS DE TEMPO UTILIZADOS NESSE TEMPO VERBAL: Often = as vezes Usually= geralmente Sometimes=algumas vezes Generally= geralmente Seldom = raramente Rarely = raramente Frequently = frequentemente Always = sempre Never = nunca Occasionally = ocasionalmente Once a week = uma vez por semana Every month = todo mês On Sundays = aos domingos
POSIÇÃO DOS ADVÉRBIOS EM INGLÊS Os advérbios são usados DEPOIS do verbo TO BE e ANTES dos VERBOS SIGNIFICATIVOS.
EXEMPLOS: He is ALWAYS late. ( Ele está sempre atrasado). She NEVER goes shopping. (Ela nunca vai ao shopping)

SIMPLE PAST
Os verbos em inglês se classificam em:
VERBOS REGULARES:
São aqueles que têm o pasado e o particípio formado pela terminação “ED” . Ex.: To work - worked - worked

VERBOS IRREGULARES:
São aqueles que não têm o passado e o particípio formados de forma regular. É preciso consultar a tabela dos verbos irregulares. Ex.: To think - thought - thought (pensar) To sing - sang - sung (cantar)
Affirmative form
É formada a partir dos passado dos verbos (2ª coluna da lista dos verbos) e apresenta a mesma forma para todos os pronomes: (I, you, He,she,it,we,you,they) thought .
Negative form
Usa-se para todas as pesos oa auxiliary DID + NOT (DIDN’T) antes dos verbos que voltam para a forma do infinitivo sem o TO. (I,you, He, she, it, we, you, they) didn’t think.
Interrogative form Usa-se para todas as pessoas o auxiliary DID antes dos pronomes ou sujeitos das frases, e os verbos voltam à forma do infinitivo sem o TO. DID (I, you, He, she, it, we, you, they) think? ADVÉRBIOS UTILIZADOS COM ESSE TEMPO VERBAL: Three days ago = três dias atrás Yesterday = ontem Last month – no mês passado This morning = nesta manhã (quando já passou) Yesterday afternoon = ontem após o almoço

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
Introdução Nos tempos perfeitos o verbo usado como auxiliar é o verbo TO HAVE. VERBO TO HAVE Simple present
I have You have He has She has It has We have You have They have

Simple past : HAD para todas as pessoas

Past participle: HAD para todas as pessoas FORMAÇÃO DO PRESENT PERFECT Verbo to have no presente (HAVE/HAD)+ particípio passado dos verbos (3ª coluna da lista dos verbos).

Affirmative form
Ex.: To drink - drank - drunk (beber) I have drunk You have drunk He has drunk She has drunk It has drunk We have drunk You have drunk They have drunk ABREVIAÇÕES HAVE = ‘VE HAS = ‘S

Negative form Usa-se o HAVE+NOT (HAVEN’T) para as pessoas I, you, we, they ou HAS+NOT(HASN’T) para as pessoas he, she, it COM O PARTICÍPIO DOS VERBOS. I haven’t drunk You haven’t drunk He hasn’t drunk She hasn’t drunk It hasn’t drunk We haven’t drunk You haven’t drunk They haven´t drunk

Interrogative form Usa-se o verbo auxiliar HAVE/HAS antes dos pronomes ou do sujeito da frase. HAVE (I, you, we, they) drunk? HAS (he, she, it) drunk?

A) PRESENT PERFECT X SIMPLE PAST Exemplo: I went to the cinema yesterday. Eu fui ao cinema ontem O Simple Past é usado quando o tempo é definido ou quando se quer declarar quando o fato aconteceu. É usado também quando há um contexto implícito de um tempo já definido. OBSERVE I’ve gone to the cinema. Eu fui ao cinema. O Present Perfect foi usado no ligar do passado simples porque o tempo em que a ação se passou não está definido na frase ou no contexto. Isso pode acontecer pro positadamente para ocultar quando o fato se passou. B)

PRESENT PERFECT WITH SINCE/FOR:
SINCE – desde FOR – por Exemplos: I have worked here since 2001. Eu tenho trabalhado aqui desde 2001. He has worked there for Five years. Ele tem trabalhado lá por cinco anos. C)

PRESENT PERFECT E OS ADVÉRBIOS USADOS
Lately = ultimamente
Recently= recentemente
This morning = esta manhã (quando a manhã ainda não acabou)
This year = neste ano
Today = hoje
This Month
Ex.: I’ve worked hard this month. Eu tenho trabalhado muito este mês. D)

PRESENT PERFECT COM OS ADVÉRBIOS EVER, ALREADY, YET, NEVER, JUST
Exemplos: Have you EVER traveled by plane? Você já viajou de avião?
EVER – (já, será que já?); indica que a pessoa que perguntou não faz idéia se viajou ou não. É USADO NA INTEROGATIVA.
No, never. I’ve never traveled by plane. Não, nunca. Eu nunca viajei de avião.
NEVER – (nunca); usado em frase negativas ou frase na afirmativa mas com sentido de negativa. Have you ALREADY finished your work? Você já terminou seu trabalho?
ALREADY- (já); nesse caso indica que a pessoa que perguntou acha que o tempo foi mais que suficiente para ter terminado o trbalho.
Yes, I have already finished. Sim, eu já terminei.
ALREADY- (já); indica que o trabalho foi terminado há algum tempo atrás.
Pode ser usado em frases INTERROGATIVAS e NEGATIVAS.
No, I haven’t finished, YET. Não, eu não terminei ainda.
YET – (ainda); usado no final das frases negativas.
Yes, I have JUST finished. Sim, eu acabei de terminar.
JUST – (já); no sentido de ACABAR DE, AGORA MESMO, usado nas orações afirmativas.

PAST PERFECT TENSE É usado para indicar um passado que aconteceu anterior a outro passado mais recente. Ex.: My mother had already finished lunch when I arrived from school. Minha já havia terminado o almoço quando eu cheguei da escola.

FORMAÇÃO DO PAST PERFECT

Verbo TO HAVE no passado (HAD)+particípio passado dos verbos (3ª coluna da lista dos verbos). Abreviação HAD = ‘D Affirmative form To drink drank drunk I had drunk You had drunk He had drunk She had drunk It had drunk We had drunk You had drunk They had drunk Negative form Usa-se HAD+NOT(HADN´T) para todas as pessoas + particípio do verbo. (I,you,He,she,it, we,you,they) hadn’t drunk Interrogative form Usa-se HAD (para todas as pessoas) antes dos pronomes ou do sujeito da frase. HAD (I, you, He, she, it, we, you, they) drunk? OBS.: Os advérbios ALREADY, NEVER, EVER, YET, SINCE, FOR, JUST, etc. também são usados nesse tempo verbal.

RESUMO DOS TEMPOS VERBAIS EM INGLÊS

TEMPO VERBAL EXEMPLO PRESENT (TO BE) AM/ARE/IS He is a student
PAST (TO BE) WAS/WERE He was a student
PRESENT Do/Does You work/She works
PAST Did He worked FUTURE Will He will work
CONDITIONAL Would He would work
PRESENT CONTINUOUS AM/ARE/IS+ing He is working
PAST CONTINUOUS WAS/WERE+ing He was working
FUTURE COTINUOUS WIIL BE+ing He will be working
GOING TO FUTURE AM/ARE/IS+going to He is going to work
GOING TO – PAST WAS/WERE+going to He was going to work
PRESENT PERFECT Have+past part.(3ª) You have worked Has+past part.(3ª) He has worked PAST PERFECT Had+past part. He had worked
FUTURE PERFECT Will have+ past part. He will have worked
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS Have/Has+been+Ing He has been working Ele vem trabalhando
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS Had+been+Ing He had been working Ele vinha trabalhando FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS Will Have+been+ing He Will have been working Ele terá vindo trabalhando